Thermohydrometer



. Jan. 30, 1945.

R. EDELMANN 2,368,123

THERMOHYDROMETER Filed July 19, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fzy'.4.

ALC HOL GLYCOL NET" Patented Jan. 30, 1945 THERMOHYDROMETER RobertEdelmann, Chicago, Ill.

Application July 19', 1940, Serial No. 346,426

3 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in thermohydrometers, andparticularly to a temperature correcting hydrometer and to a correctiontable and scale means therefor.

An object of this invention is to provide, with a thermohydrometerstructure, correction table or scale means that will permit observationof a direct reading for temperature corrections.

Another object is to provide a device of this character that can beapplied to thermohydrometers of various types and constructions, such asare now in use.

Still another purpose is to so construct the parts that provision ismade for corrected indication and readings for several differentsolutions, either lighter than water or heavier than water, or solutionsof both characters.

With the above and other objects in view, some of which will be apparentto those skilled in the art and others of which are inherent in theconstruction and assembly and use of the parts, my invention includescertain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangementsof parts which will be hereinafter set forth in connection with thedrawings and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a therniohydrometer showing myinvention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially at right anglesto the plane of view of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View substantially on line 3-3 of Fig.2.

Fig. 4 is a flattened out view of the correction table carryingcylinder.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a modified adaptation ofthe invention.

Fig. 6 is a view in elevation taken substantially at right angles to thedisclosure in Fig. 5.

Fig. '7 is a transverse sectional view on line l--'l of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a broken fragmentary View in elevation disclosing amodification of the correction table carrying cylinder.

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view substantially on line 89 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, illustrating another modifiedconstruction.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the liquid receiving barrel l, ofglass or other suitable transparent material, has a suction and dis-,charge nozzle portion 2 at one end, and is provided with a bulb 3, atthe other end. A speupright relation, so that it will be visibleadjacent to one side of the liquid receiving barrel l, and the parts andstructure as thus set forth can be of ordinary or usual construction.

A substantially cylindrical or sleeve-like member 8 is made of adiameter or size to .rotatably fit around and upon the liquid receivingbarrel I, and this sleeve is supported at its lower end on a shoulder 8of the nozzle portion 2, or upon some other suitable stop or supportthat will substantially fix the position and length of longitudinalextent of the sleeve 8 with respect to the temperature indicatingportion 1, and the sleeve is provided with one or more longitudinallyextending slotted openings I0, through which the indicating portion 1can be viewed when the sleeve 8 is revolved or adjusted to bring theslot l0 into substantial registry thereof. 'It is, of course, essentialthat the sleeve portion 8 be not so long as to obscure the gauge stem ll0 the float element 4.

In the present instance, I have illustrated the hydrometer instrumentstructure and the correction scale notations, as best shown in Fig. 4,to permit testing and temperature correction for three differentsolutions, as, for'example, alcohol and methanol solutions of lessspecific gravity than water, and ethylene glycol solu-.

tions of reater specific gravity-than water.

For readings to show the specific gravity indication, I have providedletters marking graduations on the scale l2 of the gauge stem H of thefloat element 4 reading down from Athrough and including J, suchindicating markings being on the upper end of the gauge stem l l andbeing intended for use in testing the lighter-thanwater solutions. Forthe heavier-than-water solutions, I have provided indicating markings onthelower portion of the gauge stem H of the float element 4 readingdownwardly from J through S, and the indications of the correction tableemployed in the presently illustrated adaptation will correspond.Howeven'itis to .be understood that my present inventionis capable ofuse with a hydrometer instrument intended and adapted for testing asingle solution, either on the light or the heavy side, and that theparts are adaptable for testing and indicating for a greater number ofsolutions than as here illustrated.

As disclosed in Fig. 4, the cylindrical sleeve 8 has three slottedopenings therein, namely, l0,

l and I0", and these slotted openings are formed to extend substantiallyvertically and medially through the three areas l4, l and IS, in thepresent instance shown as bearing correction tables for solutions ofalcohol and ethylene glycol and methanol, respectively.

The surface of the cylinder 8 on opposite sides of the severalvertically extending slots is marked off in spaces or divisionsindicating predetermined temperatures as the same will be read from theindicating portion 1 of the thermometer 5, or other temperatureindicating means, and these divisions will be made so that they willindicate temperatures at which the test quantity of liquid will usuallybe found. Where the hydrometer is intended for use in testinganti-freeze solutions in the radiators of automobiles and the like, theworking temperature range will ordinarily be between, say, 60 above 0Fahrenheit and 160 above 0 Fahrenheit, and as the liquid column I of thethermometer, or other indicating portion 30 of the temperatureinfluenced and indicating means 5 rises and falls, corresponding to thetemperature of the test quantity of liquid taken into the liquidreceiving barrel I, this indicating portion I will indicate one of thehorizontally marked divisions on the member 8. The member 8 also hasthereon substantially vertically extending lines dividing the transverselines into a series of vertically disposed or columnar boxes or spaces.These columns are marked with characters, as at [8, to designate thedifferent marked areas along the portion of the gauge stem ll of thefloat element 4 to which the particular correction scale relates, and asan aid to visibility, and to place the entire correction table in asingle field of view or vision, it is, perhaps, preferable that theseveral columns be divided to show on opposite sides of the respectivevertically extending slots.

With this construction and arrangement of the parts, and the placementof the correction scale information in the manner set forth, and asperhaps best shown in Fig. 4, the horizontal lines of boxes or spaceswill be clearly designated by and adjacent to the temperature indicatingportion of the thermometer or other temperature influenced means 5, andby referring to the designating characters at 18, also in the same fieldof vision, the user, when making a reading, can substantiallyinstantaneously note the indicating character on the gauge stem ll ofthe float at the liquid level, and can then take an immediate andcorrected reading by following vertically down the designated column ofthe correction table and following transversely from the indicatingportion 1 to thus make a direct reading for temperature correction atthe point of intersection. As stated, this instrument is well adaptedfor use in testing radiator anti-freeze solutions, and in the presentinstance I have shown the various readings on the correction tables asbeing indicated by figures representing the freezing temperature of theparticular strength of solution, corresponding, of course, to thetemperature of the test quantity of the liquid and the specific gravitythereof as shown on the gauge stem II of the float element 4.

As has been stated, the sleeve portion 8 is rotatable, so that it-ispossible by partial revolution of this sleeve to bring or center thetemperature indicating means 5 within any one of the upright slottedOpening IO, l0 or III", thereby disposing adjacent to the indicatingmeans I the appropriate correction table or scale for the particularsolution being tested. Since the thermometer or temperature influencedmeans 5 is fixed in its mounting, and the revoluble sleeve 8, when inuse, rests upon the shoulder 9, the horizontal markings or designationsof the correction tables will be at all times in the same relativepositions, so that the temperature influenced indicating means I may beread directly to the right or left of any one of the slots, withoutnecessity for adjustment of any part or calculation to compensate forpossible variations or errors.

In the modified adaptation illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, thehydrometer structure is of a different type, in that the liquidreceiving barrel l9 has therein a specific gravity indicating floatelement 20, and the thermometer or temperature influenced means 2| isdisposed in a separate housing 22.

The correction scale carrying cylinder or sleeve 8 is of substantiallyidentical construction with the sleeve heretofore described, and as thissleeve is made of sheet metal, or of other suitable sheet material thathas some inherent resiliency, by slightly compressing the cylindricalsleeve 8 from opposite sides when fitting the same in place,

it is possible to have this sleeve bind against the.

liquid receiving barrel l9 and the housing 22, substantially as shown inFig. '7, so that when the sleeve is brought to adjusted position withthe desired vertically extending slot It] or ID or H!" disposed toexpose the temperature indicating portion 23 of the thermometer 2|, thesleeve will by its own inherent resiliency, and by frictional contact,retain this adjusted position until further manually manipulated ormoved to bring a difierent scale into position for use.

As disclosed in Figs. 8 and 9, the sleeve 8' has a portion thereof, asat 24, made to resiliently bear against the surface of the barrel I sothat this resilient portion frictionally holds the cylindrical sleeve 8'in desired adjusted positions. Obviously, the resilient portion 24 canbe made in substantially any form as may be desired or suitable for theparticular adaptation.

With the modified construction shown in Fig. 10, the liquid receivingbarrel I has the thermometer or indicating means 5 extending thereintoat a fixed and predetermined position, and the barrel I is provided Witha recess 25, formed in any desired manner, to receive 3, correspondinglyshaped projection 26 provided on the correction table carrying sleeve8". With this construction and arrangement, the sleeve 8" can beprovided with projections 26 so located that the sleeve can bepositioned to bring the correction table for the desired solution intoreading proximity to the temperature influenced means 5, in whichrelation the projection 25 engages in the recess 25 and holds the sleeve8" against casual rotational displacement.

The correction table sleeve-like or cylinder-like member can be made ofany desired material and constructed in any suitable manner.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have provided a hydrometerstructure including a correction table or scale carrying sleeve, adaptedto display tables for more than one solution, if that is to be desired,and, which structure is such that by simply revolving or rotating thescale carrying cylindrical sleeve, it is possible to bring thecorrection table for any desired solution into proximity to thetemperature influenced means,

thereby disposing the temperature influenced means and the correctionscale and the float element in such relation that the user can at aglance ascertain the indications and make a direct tions, it will beappreciated that many changes and variations can be made in the form,construction and arrangement of the parts, and in the manner ofassociating and using the same.

I claim:

1. With a thermohydrometer including a liquid barrel having a floatelement therein capable of use for testing specific gravity of aplurality of difierent liquid solutions and said hydrometer beingprovided with an upright tube thermometer having a part thereof exposedto a test quantity of liquid and having an indicating portion upstandingat the liquid barrel, a cylindrical sleeve provided with a plurality ofperipherally spaced upright slotted openings mounted rotatably aroundsaid barrel and indicating portion of the thermometer and adjustable toexpose the indicating portion of the thermometer to view through aselected slot thereof, said sleeve having a correction table for one ofthe liquid solutions to be tested displayed thereon adjacent to each ofthe slotted openings and having the data thereonadjacent to each openingin peripheral rows spaced to coincide with the position of the uprighttemperature influenced means at different predetermined temperatures andhaving the data arranged in vertical columns pertinent to particularfloat element indications whereby a temperature and specific gravitycorrected indication will be found at the intersection of a verticalcolumn, as indicated by the float element reading, with a horizontal rowdirectly pointed to by the temperature influenced means, and said sleevehaving a portion thereof engaging said barrel and holding the sleeve ineach of the desired adjusted positions.

2. With a thermohydrometer including a liquid barrel to receive a testquantity of liquid and having a float element therein provided with ascale marked for use for testing specific gravity of a plurality ofliquid solutions having different specific gravity characteristics andsaid hydrometer being provided with a tube thermometer having a portionthereof exposed to a test-quantity of liquid as taken into said liquidbarrel and provided with an upstanding temperature indicating portionhaving an indicating column, a cylindrical sleeve rotatably mountedaround said liquid barrel and the upstanding indicating portion of thethermometer, said sleeve being provided with a plurality of peripherallyspaced upright slotted openings through which the indicating portion andthe indicating column thereof can be viewed and having shown thereonadjacent to each of said openings temperature and specific gravity cortothe indicating tube of the thermometer and be- 'rected data relative toa particular solution to be tested, whereby as the sleeve is adjusted topermit viewing of the indicating column of the thermometer through aparticular slotted opening thereof the sleeve will show On its adjacentsurface corrected data relative to a particular solution wherebyreference can be had directly to the chart in portions designated by theindicating column as viewed through the registering slotted openings,said sleeve having the data thereon adjacent to each slotted openingdisplayed in peripheral rows spaced one above the other to correspondwith the position of the upright temperature indicating column atdifferent predetermined temperatures and also having the data invertical columns pertinent to particular designated float elementindications whereby temperature and specific gravity correctedindications will be found at the intersection of a vertical column, asindicated by the float element reading, with a horizontal row pointed toby the indicating column of the thermometer, and means on said sleeveengaging with said barrel to retain said sleeve in adjusted positions.

3. A thermohydrometer comprising an upright liquid and float receivingbarrel, a nozzle at one end of the liquid barrel through which liquid issucked in and expelled, suction and expulsion means at the other end ofthe liquid barrel, a float element in said barrel having a gauge stemprovided with a plurality of series of indicating markings for use inconnection with test quantities of liquid having different specificgravity characteristics, a thermometer having a portion exposed to thetemperature of a test quantity of liquid as taken into said barrel andprovided with an upstanding indicating portion having an indicatingcolumn, a cylindrical sleeve rotatably surrounding the liquid barrel andthe indicating portion of the thermometer, said sleeve being supportedin predetermined elevation with respect ing yieldable to frictionallyengage at one side with said barrel and hold against casual rotationwhile yet permitting manual adjustment, said sleeve being provided witha plurality of peripherally spaced uprightslotted openings through whichthe indicating column of the indicating portion of the thermometer canbe viewed and having thereon adjacent to each of said openings specificgravity and temperature corrected data relative to a particular liquidsolution to be tested, whereby as the sleeve is adjusted t bring anopening-thereof into position to expose the indicating column of thethermometer correction table data is exposed to 'be read in conjunctionwith the indicating column as exposed and viewed through thecorresponding opening, said sleeve having the data thereon in each tableadjacent to each opening displayed in peripheral rows spaced andcalibrated to correspond with the position of the indicating column atdifferent predetermined temperatures of the test quantity of liquid, andhaving the data in vertical columns indicated and pertinent toparticular designations of the float gauge stem whereby the temperatureand specific gravity corrected indication will be found by cross readingat the intersection of a vertical column indicated by a float readin onthe float gauge stem and a horizontal row pointed to by the indicatingcolumn of the thermometer.

ROBERT EDELMANN.

